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AshwagandhaWithania somnifera affecting The Brain Positively***gdstl.shtm***Withania somnifera or Ashwagandha benefits our brain and some of the neurochemicals positively to make us healthy in body and in mind. GABA-mimetic activity supports anxiolytic activity. Withanolides are active against acetylcholinesterase (the enzyme that helps in breakdown of Acetylcholine). Withanolides also cause the outgrowth of dendrites and axons (the part of nerve cell or neuron). Withania somnifera benefits us by helping to deaddict from morphine. Additionally it possess nootropic like effect on brain and nerves. Ashwagandha Extract Showing GABA-mimetic Activity:Another study at Dept. Of Pharmacology, University Of Texas, found GABA like activity in Withania somnifera. These results suggest that the W. somnifera extract contains an ingredient which has a GABA-mimetic activity. This activity was correlated with Anti-anxiolytic effect. (1991) Mehta AK,
Binkley P,
Gandhi SS,
Ticku MK. Withanolides Inhibiting Cholinesterase:Researchers in Pakistan isolated six withanolides from Ashwagandha. Out of six, only four withanolides displayed inhibitory potential against butyrylcholinesterase, but only compounds 3, 4, and 6 were found to be active against acetylcholinesterase. This activity helps to retain Acetylcholine for longer time by slowing down its breakdown. Choudhary MI,
Yousuf S,
Nawaz SA,
Ahmed S,
Atta-ur-Rahman. Inhibition Of Morphine Dependence & Tolerance:Researchers at University Institute of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Punjab University, India, found that treatment with Ashwagandha resulted in slowed the development of tolerance to analgesic effect of morphine. WS (100 mg/kg) also suppressed morphine-withdrawal jumps, a sign of the development of dependence to opiate as assessed by naloxone (2 mg/kg) precipitation withdrawal on day 10 of testing.
Kulkarni SK,
Ninan I. Ashwagandha With Nootropic Like Effect:J. N. Dhuley found nootropic like effect of Withania somnifera in mice. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) root extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg; orally) improved retention of a passive avoidance task in a step-down paradigm in mice. Ashwagandha (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg; orally) also reversed the scopolamine (0.3 mg/kg)-induced disruption of acquisition and retention and attenuated the amnesia produced by acute treatment with electroconvulsive shock (ECS), immediately after training. Chronic treatment with ECS, for 6 successive days at 24 h intervals, disrupted memory consolidation on day 7. Dhuley JN. Axon & Dendrite Outgrowth Induction:These researchers previously mentioned the outgrowth of dendrites in human neuroblastoma by Withania somnifera. Further investigation revealed that six of the eighteen phytochemicals from methanol extract of WS promoted neurite outgrowth in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Withanolide A induced growth in NF-H positive processes in axons and Withanolide 4 and 6 caused outgrowth in MAP-2 positive processes of dendrites. This study concluded that neuritic regeneration and synaptic reconstruction is induced by withanolide A. Kuboyama T,
Tohda C,
Komatsu K.
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